Timeline

 

Brighton and Hove timeline

 

 

1810s

1810
April 18 Brighthelmstone Improvement Act (Brighton Town Act) receives royal assent and the Town Act of 1773 is repealed.
April 12 The first mackerel catch of the season fetches 2s 4d each at Billingsgate.
May 2 The newly-appointed Town Commissioners, established under the Brighton Town Act, hold their first meeting in the Old Ship Hotel.
May 21 First direct mail coaches begin to run between London and Brighton.
May 31 Brighton Fair is held on the Cliff between Middle Street and Black Lion Street.
June 11 A bull baiting event is held in Hove.
June 28 A new road through Pycombe (Piccombe), Albourne and Hickstead opens, shortening the journey distance from London to 52 miles.
July 11 At a court martial in the Castle Tavern Corporal Robert Curtis of the Oxford Militia is sentenced to 1,000 lashes for endeavouring to incite disaffection in his regiment.
July 30 Corporal Curtis received 200 lashes; the remainder are remitted.
August 13 A mock battle is staged on the Race Hill, attended by the Prince of Wales, five Dukes and 30,000 spectators.
August 23 Successful experiment with an 18-pound cannonade on the first Brighton fishing boat equipped as a gun-boat.
October 20 Performance at the theatre in aid of the Brighton Dispensary.
October 27 ‘Romeo’ Coates performs in Romeo and Juliet at the theatre.
• St James’s Chapel is built, for which the Duke of Marlborough contributed £100.
• The Countess of Huntingdon’s chapel is enlarged.
• Officers of the 10th Royal Hussars built a racket court at the Cavalry Barracks.

1811
January 11 Flooding in London Road causes the coaches to enter Brighton via Preston Drove and Church Hill (now Dyke Road).
February 5 George, Prince of Wales, is sworn in as Prince Regent.
February 5 Crosswell & Co’s Blue coach is robbed of £3,00-£4,000 in Brighton Union Bank notes.
April 18 A cock fight between the Gentlemen of the Isle of Wight and the Gentlemen of Sussex is held in the cock pit of the White Lion in North Street, with prizes of 20gns per fight and 50gns for the main event.
May 27 The census records that the population of Brighton has increased by 64 per cent to 12,012 from 7,339 in 1801. Hove has almost doubled from 101 to 193.
July The last person to be pilloried in Brighton is called Fuller for endeavouring to pass a forged note; the pillory was on a platform 10 ft high, near the eastern end of North Street.
• Brighton corn market is held at the Old Ship Tavern.

1812
September 9 Upwards of 5,00 sheep and lambs are penned at Brighton Fair on the North Level.
September 10 An infirmary is added to Brighton Dispensary.
September The first magistrates petty sessions are held at the Old Ship Hotel.
• Brighton Town Commissioners appoint eight night watchmen.
• Rev P S Dodd is appointed rector of Aldrington, the living being in the gift of Magdalene College, Cambridge.
• The Grand Parade Circus has not been popular and closes. The building is used as a bazaar.

1813
March 7 The organ at St Nicholas is inaugurated.
April 12 Five boats are detained by Customs officers for having appurtenances for rowing more than four oars, contrary to the Act for the prevention of smuggling.
April 15 The salary of Mr Battcock, parish surgeon, is increased from £80 to £100 a year.
May 25 The tolls for old Shoreham Bridge are let at auction by Mr Atree for £1,240 for the year.
June The Brighton Herald breaks the news of Wellington’s victory at the Battle of Vitoria, the news arriving in Brighton on the Dieppe stream packet.
September 6 The Regent mail coach comes into service between Brighton and London.
September 12 The Regent mail coach overturns at Merstham, causing severe injuries to passengers.
October 1 The High Constable is appointed Receiver of Assize Returns of Bread.
October 24 First visit of Queen Charlotte to Brighton.
• Artillery Baths (later Hobden’s Royal Artillery Baths) in Artillery Place open.
• A Fishermen’s Society is formed in Brighton.
• The legend of the naming of Devil’s Dyke is first published by Frederic Shobert.

1814
July Brighton Cricket Club moves to Box’s (Royal New) Ground, where Sussex Cricket Club is later formed.
August 1 Grand Jubilee national holiday to celebrate the centenary of the first Hanoverian king, the 16th anniversary of Nelson’s victory at the Battle of the Nile and the singing of the treaty of Paris.
August 12 Brighton Festival dinner is held at the Royal Cricket Ground, north of The Level, to celebrate the Regent’s birthday and the temporary defeat of Napoleon. Seated at 65 double rows of tables, 122 guests, including 96-year-old Phoebe Hessell, are fed at a cost of £400.
October Caroline of Brunswick, consort of the Prince Regent, pays her first visit to Brighton.
• Sake Dean Mahomed comes to Brighton and opens the first shampooing and vapor massage baths.

1815
May 2 Martha Gunn dies at the age of 88.
• The Prince Regent commissions John Nash to redesign his Marine Pavilion.
• The final defeat of Napoleon signals a change of Brighton from wartime conditions as a military base into a tourist destination.

1816
• Land on Church Hill for a new workhouse is bought for £1,600; part of it is used for the northern cemetery of the parish church.
• Steam packets can now operate between Brighton and Dieppe.
• Thomas Kemp resigns his parliamentary seat as MP for Lewes.
• The fly, a four-wheeled vehicle pushed by one man and pulled by another, is introduced to replace the sedan chair—a Brighton innovation.
• The great kitchen at the Marine Pavilion is built and the gardens are replanted.
• The previous year’s eruption of Mount Tambora in Indonesia leads toa global ‘year without a summer’, with lower temperatures and snow storms in summer. Mary Shelley is inspired to write Frankenstein while on holiday in Switzerland.
• Brighton Races, started in 1783, are suspended due to falling admission figures.

1817
January 16-18 The Prince Regent hosts a lavish ball and banquet at the Marine Pavilion in honour of Grand Duke Nicholas of Russia (later Tsar Nicholas I). The feast is prepared by Marie Antoine Carème with over 100 dishes.
April 22 The first pile is driven for the enlargement of Shoreham Harbour.
November The Regent’s daughter, Princess Charlotte, dies in childbirth at the age of 21.
• A local group establishes the Brighton Savings Bank.
• Thomas Read Kemp’s Presbyterian Chapel on the corner of Duke Street and Ship Street opens.
• There are now nine boats plying between Brighton and Dieppe: the Nancy, the Unity, Ann and Elizabeth, the Nautilus, Elizabeth, Lord Wellington, Prince Regent, Duke of Wellington and the Neptune. Numbers of passengers this year on the Brighton-Dieppe packets: 2,431 departures, 1,947 arrivals.
• Seasonal visitors to Brighton: June-October 7,000, November-February 2,300, February-June 1,700 .

1818
January 25 Opening ceremony for the extended harbour at Shoreham.
• Brighton Gas Light and Coke Company establishes the town’s first gasworks at Black Rock, just outside th town boundary to avoid the coal tax.
September Brighton’s first gas lighting is installed in the grounds of the Royal Pavilion.
• Construction of Regency Square begins.
• Posts and rails are erected around the Northern Enclosure opposite the King and Queen and the area planted with trees.
• Two more bells are added to the peel at St Nicholas, bringing the total to 10.
• A police report states that 94 percent of the town’s prostitutes live and work around Edward Street.
• A public meeting resolves to commission a new parish church because St Nicholas’ Church is no longer big enough.
• The dragon chandelier is installed in the banqueting room of the Royal Pavilion.

1819
January 20 Shoreham new harbour opens.
• The Royal Albon Hotel opens on the former site of Dr Russell’s house.
September 27 The Royal York Hotel opens.
October 10 Customs officers spot a smuggling vessel off Hove and give chase, seizing 225 tubs of gin, 52 kegs of brandy and a keg of tobacco.
• A gasworks is built adjacent to the east side of the Brighton boundary at Kemp Town, thus not being liable for the tax on coal imported into the town.
• Brighton Races resume.

 

Page created 9 September 2026